REVIEW JOURNAL

JOURNAL 1

  • Tittle        :     The Use of Language Functions among Sudanese EFL Learner
  • Author     :     Ali Ahmed Osman Zakaria
  • Journal belong to Department of English Language & Linguistics University of Kassala, Sudan & Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
  • Abstract  :     The study probes into the Sudanese EFL university learners’ discourse to appraise their ability to use different language functions. The students were asked to respond to a questionnaire, a written test and an interview. Results showed that students were not able to make an active use of language to express different language functions. They did not succeed to form the discourse that enable them to give or receive information. So this inability to express language functions properly made the discourse the students produced incoherent and less consistent. The way they began and ended a discourse event was not proper. 
  • Goals     :    To communicate effectively through English and reach mutual understanding during any communicative event, is one of the goals most Sudanese EFL students starve to achieve.
  • Problem    :     In order to make a comprehensive and informative use of language, students need to appreciate the communicative aspect of language. That is, they need to recognize and understand the purpose behind the use of language. They must know what are language functions and how they can use these functions in their social interaction. Language function involves the use of language in its two modes – spoken and written – for certain communicative purposes.
  • Theories    :     For Halliday (1975) language functions are 1) instrumental language which is used to communicate preferences, choices, wants or needs, 2) personal language is used to express individuality, 3) interactional language is used to interact with other members of the community, 4) regulatory language is used to control, 5) representational is used to convey facts ad information, 6) heuristic language is used to find things out, wonder or hypothesize, and 7) imaginative language is used to create, explore, and entertain.
  • Conclusion:     Studying students‟ responses, reveals that the problem encountered by Sudanese EFL learners expressing different language functions is linguistic. The students fail to express their thoughts and feelings properly. The other participants must exert effort and pay more attention to grasp what the students wish to convey during their interaction with others. Sometimes it is not easy to tell exactly what function the students use in a particular context. Furthermore, the students could not use the language that suits the situation and the participants with whom they interact. Teachers need to introduce students to different functions and highlight the role of linguistic accuracy expressing these functions. 
JOURNAL 2

  • Title            :    Speaking for Academic Purposes Course : An Analysis of Language Function
  • Author        :    Sebastian Pradana
  • Journal belongs to English Learners
  • Publication :      31.-07-2019
  • Abstract     :     Speaking as the most demanding skill to be mastered in the ESL/EFL teaching context. This is caused by the prime priority of students who want to study English in order to be able to use English for communicative purposes. Knowledge of language functions has a vital role in supporting a speaker to be more involved in the real interaction. The aims of this study are to identify and analyze the kinds of language functions and how their use in the speaking for academic purposes course. 
  • Goals           :     To become a competent English speaker
  • Problem       :     Speaking ability, knowledge of language function, type of language function.
  • Theories      :     
    •  Speaking for Academic Purposes Course
    • Language Functions
  • Finding       :     There were five types of language functions found in the speaking for academic purposes manuscript, namely interactive function, informative function, manipulative function, motivative function and directive function. There was found the inter-dependency of those language functions in the real interaction.
  • Conclusion :     The prime function of language in everyday contexts is concerned broadly with the social life. There is inter-dependency between function of language and human’s life. Human is enabled to convey the information to each other or request services of some kind in a variety of situations. There are five types of language functions used in a sundry of exercises at the speaking for academic courses, such as interactive function, informative, manipulative, motivative and directive function. Those functions are inter-depended in supporting functional communication based on the situation needed. Speaking instructors are suggested to provide concept of language functions in their English speaking process.
JOURNAL 3

  • Title            :     Literature and the Possibilities of Language Function
  • Author        :     Amechi N. Akwanya
  • Journal belong to social science between literature and language
  • Publication :     Volume 11, Number 2, 2015, 233-254
  • abstract      :      The variety of human activities and needs gives rise to a plurality of language functions, among them communication. However, communication is so highly rated that for many this is not merely a function, but the key factor that defines the reality of language. This high rating of communication has important consequences. For example, the variety of functions tends to be reduced to forms of communication. On the other hand, it leaves language in an environment to function in anonymity and pure transparency, becoming a point of serious discussion only within academic linguistics.
  • Goals          :     find the true relationship between literature and language
  • Problem     :     the existence of literature that serves to convey a message, whereas the delivery of messages is communication, where it is the task of language
  • Theories      :     Literature is an act of language: what it here makes is directly an artwork, which is at the same time representation. According to Bathes, it is basically, geometrical discourse in that it cuts out segments in order to depict them: to discourse (the classics would have said) is simply 'to depict the tableau one has in one's mind'. The scene, the picture, the shot, the cut-out rectangle, here we have the very condition that allows us to conceive theatre, painting, cinema, literature, all those arts, that is, other than music and which could be called dioptric arts…. The tableau (pictorial, theatrical, literary) is a pure cut-out segment with clearly defined edges, irreversible and incorruptible; everything that surrounds it is banished into nothingness, remains unnamed, while everything that it admits within its field is promoted into essence, into light, into view (1977: 70).
  • Conclusion   :     literature is one aspect of language where in some places a literary has the same meaning as language.

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